The osteoarthritis of the hip joint is a disease, which is also called cookarrosis and occurs in a person due to a decrease in the quantity of the synovial liquid emitted in the joint cavity.The consequence is a violation of cartilage nutrition and the gradual destruction of articular surfaces.The disease is inherent in a chronic course, characterized not by inflammatory change, but by a degenerative change in cartilage tissue and gradual deformation of bone tissues.
The treatment of cookyrosis is a long and difficult process, whose solution is the revenge, choosing the correct treatment regime.With an incorrect treatment, deep deformation is possible with the exhaustion of joint structures, the disease progresses rapidly and can lead to a disability and a complete loss of the motor activity of the affected joint.
Symptoms
The timely detection of the disease is an important component for a more successful treatment.But in the initial stage of the disease, the symptoms are few and limited only to local pain, without obvious signs and external changes (lack of edema, change of color and structure).Because of this, in most cases, a person simply does not pay due attention to the manifestation of these signs, postponing a visit to the doctor and, therefore, allows the disease to progress slowly and correctly.
There are four degrees of osteoarthritis and at each stage there are certain symptoms inherent to 1, 2 3 or 4 stages, but there are a certain series of symptoms, by detecting that you should immediately consult a doctor to detect a true disease.Such symptoms include:
- Strong pain in the thigh, groin.The pain is real and decreases after a short break.
- Morning stiffness of the joints.A distinctive characteristic of joint diseases, manifested mainly in the morning, after a long vacation.It is characterized by limiting the mobility of the limb, rigidity, unpleasant sensations.In general, it is necessary for about an hour after awakening to disappear the symptoms.
- A crunch in the joint, clinging to the sounds when walking.
- Changing the march, the appearance of lameness.
- The appearance of the difference in the length of the limbs.This symptom is found in the posterior stages of the disease, the shortening or the elongation of the affected limb is associated with a change in the structure of the pelvis, its deformation.
The previous symptoms are common and are found in many other diseases, so it is necessary to consult a good specialist, with additional research methods for the correct differential diagnosis with other similar diseases and make an accurate diagnosis.
Reasons
As they age, the human body wears out and there is a gradual slowdown in the work of all systems and organs, metabolism slows down.This applies to the state of the bones, articular bags and cartilage, which, under the influence of constant loads, are thinned and deform over time.The amount of synovial fluid of the joint cavity is lost, which causes a decrease in natural depreciation and increases the load, followed by the destruction of the cartilage of the joint.
In addition to the physiological, associated with natural changes related to age in the body, other reasons for the appearance of osteoarthritis of the hip joint include:
- Heavy physical work.
- Inheritance (belongs to the dysplasia of the hip joint).
- Overweight.Excess body weight increases the load in the musculoskeletal system.
- Hormonal disorders
- Inflammatory diseases (infectious arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis).
- Postraumatic osteoarthritis of the hip joint appears 20-40% after the lesions.
Types and degree of disease
Based on the results of the clinical image and depending on radiological indicators, 4 degrees of disease are distinguished.
The first grade
If the disease is detected at this stage, the treatment is the most effective, the affected joint can be preserved by ensuring the correct treatment regime, without the need for surgery.But recognizing the disease at this stage is not so simple, because the symptoms that manifest are insignificant and are characterized by such symptoms:
- Morning stiffness.
- Pain in groin.
- Minor and painful pain that occurs during physical effort in the hip joint area.
- In the radiography, in the presence of 1 grade of the disease, there is a slight narrowing of the articular gap, they are possible unique spotlights of sealing of the hyaline cartilage, bone growths in the rotating area.
The second grade
The second degree of the disease is manifested by more pronounced symptoms.This stage is characterized by:
- The appearance of throwing, pain pain in the joints, not only after physical effort, but also when performing a minor motor activity.The pain intensifies at night and at night.
- When performing the motor activity, a change in the march appears.There is a "duck walk", a person limping after a long walk, trying to trust a healthy leg, thus protecting those affected by the painful articulation.
- There is a violation in the movement of the articulation of the affected hip, the difficulty of leaving the affected limb.
- The Rayel X marks a significant narrowing of the joint gap, as well as bone growth.
The third grade
The clinical image has pronounced manifestations in which there are:
- Severe constant pain in charges and rest.
- Total loss of the motor activity of the affected joint.
- The appearance of the difference in the length of the limbs.The leg with the affected joint becomes shorter than a healthy limb.
- The X -rays marks the complete destruction of the hyaline cartilage, the growth of large osteophytes, the destruction of the femur.
The fourth grade
The osteoarthritis of the fourth grade pelvis is characterized by the complete atrophy of the muscles that surround the joint of the hip of the affected limb.In 4 stages, a complete loss of physical function is also observed.The patient cannot step on the painful leg and cannot do without the crutches.In the X stripe, there are bone osteocosclerosis, large -scale bone growth and the complete absence of a joint gap.
The treatment of this stage is only possible by an operational form.
Diagnosis
To make a precise diagnosis and perform timely treatment, several certain studies are needed.The diagnosis is carried out in several stages.
- General Inspection, Anamnesis collection of the disease.The doctor will clarify the information about the presence of injuries, related diseases and an existing lifestyle.An examination correctly helps to make a diagnosis correctly, determine the degree of disease and eliminate a series of diseases that have similar symptoms, such as arthritis, sacroiles.
- In addition to the exam, the attending physician prescribes the necessary laboratory exams.
- The x -ray exam is a mandatory diagnosis point.A study of the hip joint of both legs is carried out, even if the patient's complaints apply to a single limb.
- Computed tomography is considered an additional research method.Using CT, you can study the nature and degree of damage to femur and articular surfaces.
Treatment of osteoarthritis
When suspicious symptoms appear and hip joint pain, a person mainly arises the question of which doctor treats such conditions and how the auto -medication occurs.
In the first symptoms, it is necessary to seek help to make a diagnosis and treatment with a rheumatologist, while the treatment of more serious osteoarthritis forms is dedicated to an orthopedist.
The treatment depends on the degree of disease and the nature of the manifestation.The treatment regime is selected by a doctor for each patient individually.The basic principles of treatment include events such as:
- Pharmacological treatment
- Diet.
- Physiotherapy.
- Massage.
- Gym.
- Kineseoteiping (recording the hip joint with special repairs).
- They resort to the help of canes and crutches to eliminate the load from the affected joint.
Drug therapy
The treatment regime for hip joint injuries without fail includes medications.The sooner the therapy begins, the more likely it is to limit the treatment of conservative methods, without the need for surgical intervention.
The pharmacological treatment diagram includes a drug complex:
- To relieve pain, as well as reduce the inflammatory process, non -steroidal anti -inflammatory medications are used.
- When the fluid accumulates in the joint cavity, intra -articular injections are used.
- To feed the tissues and improve blood circulation, condoprotectors are used.
- Use therapeutic ointments locally, applying to the area of the affected joint.
Physiotherapeutic procedures
The physiotherapeutic method aims to improve blood supply to the affected joints and improve metabolic processes.The physiylization of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint includes:
- Magnet-laser therapy.It helps reduce pain, improve the mobility of the affected joint.
- Laser treatment.The action of the light laser aims to eliminate the inflammatory process, reduce edema, as well as the restoration of the cartilage.
- Thermal therapyIncludes molding, paraffin therapy, due to the thermal effect in the affected area, blood circulation improves and metabolic processes are normalized.
Each type of physiotherapeutic procedures has a positive effect on the affected joints, but at the same time a series of contraindications.Physiotherapy is not allowed during pregnancy, oncology, tuberculosis.
Therapeutic massage and gymnastics
This group of therapeutic measures is an integral part in the complex treatment of coxarthrosis.
The benefits of massage and therapeutic gymnastics:
- Improvement of blood circulation.
- Eliminate muscle spasm.
- Increased motor activity in the affected joint.
- Reducing pain.
- An increase in diastasis in the articulation of the affected joint.
Massage sessions are allowed to take place at all stages of the disease, but for each stage, maintaining certain conditions.The therapeutic massage is carried out only by a specialist specialist, each massage session occurs in several stages:
- Back massage.It is done with the help of caressed movements with Las Palmas, helps increase blood circulation and prepare for the next stage.
- Manual lower back massage.It consists of the same caressing, rubbing and kneading the lumbar region.
- Massage of the sacred and berries.
- Thigh massage.During this stage, the specialist carries out massage movements by pressing and rubbing, capturing the area of the affected joint.
At 1 and 2 stages of the disease, it is recommended to carry out a car session -Master, dedicating the process at least 5 minutes a day.
During the auto -massage session, the sequence of actions is also important, it is necessary to perform the following exercises alternately:
- Massage the back area with the palms, causing the ascending and descending to caress along the spine, and then make rubbing movements with the back of the fists.
- In a standing position, the massage of the buttocks begins, making stroke from the hips to the region of sacrum and lumbar.Having finished stroking to start rubbing.
- The final stage is the massage of the hip muscles, which is carried out in sitting position.Alternative caressing, rubbing and kneading are performed.
3 and 4 stages of the disease suggest massage after surgical operation, a therapeutic massage course for rapid rehabilitation is carried out.
Massage sessions alternate better with a therapeutic gymnastics course.Gymnastics for osteoarthritis aims to increase blood flow in the muscles of the hip joint, which contributes to a better saturation of the joints with nutrients.
The technique of each author has its own characteristics and a series of contraindications, to determine to what scheme of gymnastic exercises will adhere to the treating doctor.
At home, you can perform a series of simple exercises, such as:
- In the position of bedtime on the back, slowly, lift each leg alternately at an angle of 50 degrees.
- Lying on the back, bending the legs and raising the head of the floor, tries to reach the knees.
- In a standing position, remove it and lift your leg back, trying to hold it in this position for a couple of seconds.
When dedicated to gymnastics, it is important not to hurry and perform tasks as much as possible, while maintaining a uniform and quiet breath.Acute and inaccurate movements can cause injuries.It is important to remember that only the treating doctor can prescribe exercises, according to the condition of a particular patient.In addition, the exercises must be carried out in the presence of a specialist to control the correction of the exercise.
Diet therapy
The diet has an important role in treatment.In the treatment of osteoarthritis, it is recommended to use 1600-1800 kcal per day, distributing the daily volume of 5-6 meals.The food must be balanced and rich vitamins and trace elements.With overweight, a well chosen diet will help reduce the weight, thus reducing the load in the sore joint.
When observing the appropriate diet, it should take into account which products should be included in the daily menu, and also what should be completely excluded from your diet.
| Recommended: | It is necessary to limit: |
| Lavender | Strong coffee |
| Vegetables, fruits | Alcoholic beverages |
| Varieties of low -fat meat and fish | Bakery products |
| Milk and dairy products | Salt |
| Green | |
| Legumes | |
| Buckwheat | |
| Balls |
It is necessary to include a sufficient amount of vegetables and fruits in food, increase the consumption of dairy products, it is worth paying special attention to products, rich animal proteins (beef, turkey, chicken, low -fat fish varieties).It is recommended to include in the gelatin of the menu, rich in collagen, contributing to the strengthening and restoration of the cartilage tissue of the joints.
Surgery
The treatment of the arthrosis of the hip joint in the early stages is limited by conservative methods.Often, a selected pharmacological treatment scheme quite correctly and the appointment of auxiliary methods to improve the patient's condition and stop the progression of the disease.The treatment of 3 and 4 degrees of osteoarthritis in several cases implies the need for surgical intervention, which consists of the operation to replace the joint.
When do you need an operation?
1 and 2 stages of osteoarthritis of the hip joint are treated without surgical intervention, at 3 and 4, sooner or later, there is the need for surgery.The operation is proposed to the patient when the changes in the joint reach the extreme stage with complete destruction of the joint cartilage and a large scale growth of bone tissues.
After the operation, in the rehabilitation period, massage therapy and exercises for the rapid restoration of motor activity are prescribed.
Traditional medicine
What is the osteoarthritis of the hip joint and how to treat it in detail by the doctor's rheumatologist?After consulting the treating doctor and the appointment of the treatment regime, it is recommended, as auxiliary treatment methods, to consider popular medicines.The treatment of osteoarthritis with popular recipes is an additional good method and helps reduce pain, relieve edema, increase joint mobility.
In the treatment of popular remedies, 2 methods are used:
- To take inside (decoctions, tinctures of healing herbs).
- For local use (ointments, compresses, wrap).
To eliminate the main symptoms of the disease, a tincture based on a saber is used:
- The swamp saber should be mixed with medical alcohol in a proportion of 1:10 and eliminated for several weeks in a dark place.
- Then boil, strain and use to receive 1 tablespoon.l.3 times a day.
- At night, you can rub the tincture directly in the area of the affected joint, to relieve inflammation and reduce pain.
The compress based on cabbage leaves has proven to be in the treatment: several cabbage leaves and a gross leaf should be mixed, kneaded with the hands until the juice is formed and attached to the lesion for 30 minutes.This method helps reduce inflammation and pain.
In the treatment of popular remedies, medicinal herbs are actively used, these include: San Juan grass, mint, chamomile, celery.To obtain a healing ointment, it is necessary to grind the grass by mixing them with an oil or baby cream jelly and slowly rub the ointment in the joint immediately after cooking.
All additional treatment methods should be considered only as auxiliary methods that cannot independently cure such disease, and consider in combination with pharmacological treatment, to improve action in the therapeutic procedures complex.
Prevention
For disease prevention, it is recommended to carefully monitor your health, pay due care to strengthen immunity, lead a healthy lifestyle and carefully monitor nutrition quality.
Also an important measure in the prevention of osteoarthritis is the prevention of hypothermia and the restriction of physical effort.People with excess body weight are recommended to observe a diet aimed at reducing weight and preventing load in the musculoskeletal system.
For general strengthening of immunity, preference is given to hardening and balanced physical effort.
Pregnancy and childbirth
Dylastic osteoarthritis of the hip joint is the congenital pathology of the hip joint, which occurs due to inadequate formation of joint tissues during intrauterine development.In most cases, with the timely detection of the disease, this pathology is successful over time, but leaves the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the hip joint in adulthood.
During pregnancy, in the presence of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the general load in the affected joint increases, due to an increase in the total weight of the body, this factor significantly aggravates the course of the disease.In addition to increasing the load due to the growth of body weight, in pregnant women, the food of the joints worsens and metabolism slows down, this is due to an increase in the costs of the body's own resources to provide everything necessary for the fetus.
A pregnant woman is strongly recommended, in the presence of a disease such as the osteoarthritis of the hip joint, to observe certain conditions throughout pregnancy, namely:
- Limit motor activity, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy, when the load in the painful joint is maximum.
- The doctor's constant observation is necessary.
- It is recommended to follow the doctor's recommendations.
- Swimming classes favorably affect load distribution in the body, increase muscle mass in the area of the affected joint and voltage extraction.
Forecast
With the timely diagnosis of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint, the prognosis is favorable.If the disease is detected in the early stages, the treatment is provided with a conservative form, the development of the disease slows down and is often completely cured, if it does not reach 2 degrees at the time of diagnosis.
At 3 and 4 stages of the disease, when performing a timely surgical operation, the prognosis also remains favorable, with the condition of fulfilling all the recipes recommended by the doctor and the exercise of constant control of the doctor attentive.With well -conducted operational actions, the artificial articulation serves for several decades.
Complications
The main and most unfavorable complication is the possible disability.Disability occurs due to the complete loss of the motor activity of the injured joint.With a symmetric lesion of both joints, a person loses the ability to move independently, which significantly limits lifestyle, and also creates a risk for the appearance of other complications (stagnant pneumonia, pressure pain).
To prevent such serious consequences, it is recommended to begin treatment by identifying the first signs, avoiding the progression of the disease.